When it emerged in the United States in 1852, the Young Mens Christian Association excluded blacks from membership in white branches but encouraged blacks to form their own associations and to join the Christian brotherhood on "separate but equal" terms. Light in the Darkness, the first comprehensive study of African Americans in the YMCA, is a compelling account of hope and success. Это и многое другое вы найдете в книге Light in the Darkness: African Americans and the Ymca, 1852-1946 (Nina Mjagkij)