Most graph labeling methods trace their origin to one introduced by Alex Rosa, through the paper "On certain valuations of the vertices of a graph", which was presented in the International Symposium, held in Rome, July 1966,Gordon and Breach, N.Y. and Dunod Paris (1967) 349-355, or one given by R.L.Graham and N.J.A. Sloane, through the paper "On additive bases and harmonious graphs", SIAM J. Alg. Discrete Meth., 1 (1980) 382-404. Labeled graphs became a very useful tool for treating many problems in different branches of science, e.g. Electrical Networks, Coding Theory, Astronomy, X-Ray Crystallographic analysis. S. M. Hegde and S. Shetty defined what is called "Permutation and Combination Labelings". This book consists of some papers which give some rich additions to these two types of labelings. Это и многое другое вы найдете в книге Combination and Permutation Graphs (Mohammed Seoud,Manal Harere and Mohammed Anwar)