Excerpt from Fever: A Clinical Study
Fever is not a distinct entity, but a collection of various phenomena the co-existence of which in the system is conveniently characterised by the term "fever." Of these phenomena the most constant and characteristic is increased body heat. So prominent is this feature of the febrile state that a rise of temperature is generally referred to as fever: a patient whose temperature is raised is said to be feverish, and the terms "fever" and "increased body heat" have come to be regarded as synonymous. Thus in our own day, as in the days of Galen, color pr?ter naturam is looked upon as the pathognomonic feature of fever.
A more intimate acquaintance with the phenomena which go to constitute the febrile state, and the generally more accurate knowledge of the bedside phenomena of disease which has resulted from the use of the clinical thermometer, have shown us that "fever" and "rise of temperature" cannot with strict accuracy be regarded as synonymous terms. There may be fever without rise of temperature (as in the advanced stages of some bad cases of pneumonia and of typhus), and there may be rise of temperature without true fever, as in some cases of cerebral disease.
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