Excerpt from The Culture of the Grape, and Wine-Making
Three editions of this little treatise, within a year, being required to supply the demand for it, would seem to indicate that the public interest in Grape Culture is on the increase. The author therefore deems it his duty to give the result of his own experience, and that of his fellow-members of the "Wine-growers' Association," in vineyard culture during the past year. It was found that the severe frosts of January and February, 1852 - 8° to 12° below zero - killed many of the grape buds in warm exposed situations, and several vineyards in Kentucky, a few miles south of this city, scarcely produced any fruit. The hard frosts of the 18th and 19th of March did not injure the grape buds, although many apples, such as the yellow Belleflower, were killed in the opening bud; all the peaches, many of the pears, and most of the cherries were destroyed.
The frosts of the middle of April and second week in May injured the young shoots of the vine, especially in low situations or near moisture, and in the rows near grass but with all these visitations from frosts, the grape crop was a very promising one until attacked by the rot, the second week in July, and subsequently the first week in August - the latter but slight. This disease appeared to affect those vineyards most, that were in low situations, or not fully exposed to a free circulation of air, either from close planting or otherwise.
High manuring, deep hoeing or plowing, and a want of summer pruning at the right time, it was thought, increased the liability to rot. This disease, or something like it, prevailed in many parts of Europe, last year, where it had scarcely been known before, and in the island of Madeira caused an almost entire failure of the grape crop.
In this vicinity it cut off about half of the average crop, reducing the product of the whole county to about one hundred gallons per acre. Some made more, but many less than that average.
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