Trees outside forests - i.e. trees available on agricultural land, along road, railways, canals, ponds, orchards, parks, gardens and homestead plays many role like forests. They make an essential contribution to sustainable agriculture, food security and rural household economies. They provide many products and services similar to forests. They protect crops and the soil against water and wind erosion, thus combating drought and desertification and protecting water resources. Since they are large pools of carbon as well as potential carbon sinks and sources to the atmosphere. The impact of Trees Outside Forests on reducing deforestation, stabilizing soils and ecosystems and sequestering carbon will become increasingly meaningful.TOF can be estimated by Remote sensing and Geo-Statistical technique with the supplement of field survey. Это и многое другое вы найдете в книге Trees Outside Forest in Saharanpur & Assessment of Carbon Content