Excerpt from Schools Administration: Including the Organization and Supervision of Schools
American conditions do not seem to favor an easy, simple and effective administration of schools. Among the adverse conditions existing in many places are: (1) an overpowering sentiment in favor of local self-government and a strong opposition to centralization of any kind; (2) a non-recognition by the people of the need of professional knowledge and skill in carrying on the schools; (3) a tendency to adopt political methods in the election of school officials as well as in matters of school control; (4) the comparatively short terms of administrative offices and the frequent changes of membership in them; (5) the large extent of sparsely inhabited regions and the consequent difficulties of school attendance and classification; and (6) the difference of financial ability in the various sections of a State and the variety of needs to be met. Such conditions as these are likely to foster mistakes of administration which can be avoided only by the greatest care and effort.
Among the mistakes of school administration actually existing in this country may be mentioned first the tendency of over organization in which the attention of the workers is turned away from the product to the machinery which turns it out. Again there is the other extreme of a lack of organization by which the time and effort of school officials are wasted. But more frequently perhaps than all else is the loose organization by which the duties of school officials overlap one another, frequently resulting in confusion and friction of a serious kind.
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