Excerpt from Papers From the Tortugas Laboratory, Vol. 2: Of the Carnegie Institution of Washington
One of the most interesting crustaceans that inhabits the Atlantic Coast of the more southern States is the brachyuran Ocypoda arenaria. the so-called "sand-crab," and no one who sees this lively creature can help marveling at the rapidity and dexterity of its movements as it scampers over the beach sands. While the adult has not been reported north of New Jersey, Verrill (1874) tells us young specimens have been seen by Mr. S. I. Smith at Fire Island, Long Island, by himself at Block Island, Rhode Island, and that the megalops larva has been taken in abundance by Mr. Vinal Edwards in Vineyard Sound. Verrill has suggested that ocypodas found in the Northern States are carried there from the South by the Gulf Stream while in the larval condition and that each winter they arc killed off by the cold weather, so that they never grow large enough to breed. This supposition seems to be very plausible, since none but half-grown specimens are found in those regions and since breeding occurs in the South at just about the right time to make it possible for larv? to be carried up in the early spring. The adult has been reported from Cobb Island, Virginia, and it is very common along the sea-beach in the region of North Carolina. It flourishes in the Bahamas, on the sandy keys of Florida, and is found as far south as the coast of Brazil.
During the summers of 1905 and 1906 it was my good fortune to spend a few weeks in the Marine Biological Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution of Washington at Loggerhead Key, Florida. On this key specimens of Ocypoda arenaria were very abundant, and owing to the' small size of the island it was an easy matter to study them at all times of the day while only a short distance from the laboratory. A preliminary report of my observations during the summer of 1905 has been published in the Year Book of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, No. 4, 1905.
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