Excerpt from Hand-Book of Physiology, Vol. 2
The materials separated from the blood by the ordinary process of secretion in glands, are always discharged from the organ in which they are formed, and are either straightway expelled from the body, or if they are again received into the blood, it is only after they have been altered from their original condition, as in the cases of the saliva and bile. There appears, however, to be a modification of the process of secretion, in which certain materials are abstracted from the blood, undergo some change, and are added to the lymph or restored to the blood, without being previously discharged from the secreting organ, or made use of for any secondary purpose. The bodies in which this modified form of secretion takes place, are usually described as vascular glands, or glands without ducts, and include the spleen, the thymus and thyroid glands, the supra-renal capsules, the pineal gland and pituitary body, the tonsils. The solitary and agminate glands (Pever's) of the intestine, and lymph-glands in general, also closely resemble them; indeed, both in structure and function, the vascular glands bear a close relation, on the one hand, to the true secreting glands, and on the other, to the lymphatic glands. The evidence in favor of the view that these organs exercise a function analogous to that of secreting glands, has been chiefly obtained from investigations into their structure, which have shown that most of the glands without ducts contain the same essential structures as the secreting glands, except the ducts.
The Spleen.
The Spleen is the largest of the so-called ductless glands; it is situated to the left of the stomach, between it and the diaphragm. It is of a deep red color, of a variable shape, generally oval, somewhat concavo-convex. Vessels enter and leave the spleen at the inner side (hilus).
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