Excerpt from Laboratory Directions in Principles of Animal Biology
The course for which this book of laboratory directions was prepared is a recognition of the growth which the science of Zoology has made in the past several decades. No longer a purely morphological subject, zoology is not in the opinion of the authors properly treated in a purely morphological course. Good teachers have long recognized that dissection and classification alone would not make a zoologist, and have striven in lectures and recitations to provide the larger outlook which the science has come to possess. But this recognition seems hardly adequate. If in the lectures and recitations due attention is paid to the type dissections in the laboratory, morphology can scarcely avoid receiving an emphasis it does not deserve. If to avoid this over-emphasis the recitations and lectures are devoted exclusively to evolution, distribution, ecology, genetics, etc., the laboratory exercises and recitations must seem unrelated to one another. Recitations and laboratory work thus become two courses which the student pursues simultaneously.
The only solution has appeared to be to make the laboratory work itself bear on the large questions of biology. The laboratory work may thus have a balance of its own, it does not need to be averaged with the recitations. This book contains directions for first-hand exercises which we believe have the emphasis properly placed. Morphology still receives more attention than any other division of the subject, but it is nearly everywhere directed to some end which is not merely structure.
The large number of inquiries received concerning this course, indicating a widespread belief that some plan of this kind is preferable to the usual type course, have led us to make the book available for use in other institutions. Many details of the course may well be altered. One form will often illustrate a point as well as another form. In a number of instances alternative tasks are provided; others will occur to the experienced teacher.
In the preparation of the laboratory directions every member of the Zoology Department of the University of Michigan has had a share, either in original organization or subsequent revision. Besides those mentioned on the title page as authors, special mention is due to Professors Jacob Reighard, E. C. Case, R. W. Hegner, and Paul S. Welch, and Mr. George E. Johnson.
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