Excerpt from Vaccine and Serum Therapy, Including Also a Study of Infections, Theories of Immunity, Opsonins and Opsonic Index
Treatment of individual diseases with medicines or by methods having a selective curative action has until recently been limited. With the establishment of the germ theory of certain diseases and the development of information concerning immunity, new methods of specific treatment were made possible and are now practiced under the name of serum and vaccine therapy. As might be expected, the medical profession has been much interested in these methods of treatment, and applied them whenever possible. The development of vaccine and serum therapy has been slow, the methods have had to be revised and in some cases the results obtained have been found to be otherwise than was at first expected. Because of this, much confusion has arisen. The practitioner has not been able to keep pace with the developments and literature on these subjects, and finally has been forced to depend on the statements and recommendations coming from serum and vaccine laboratories, enthusiasts and ever exploiters.
In this work an attempt has been made to state concisely and accurately the present knowledge concerning vaccines and immune sera. An effort has been made to establish theoretical and experimental evidence as well as clinical application of the specific treatment of bacterial diseases. To accomplish this, some space is given to infections in general, the theories of immunity, with especial emphasis on the opsonic theory of immunity, as well as the particular methods of vaccine and serum therapy.
Considerable space has been given to opsonins, the opsonic index and the importance of opsonins in health and disease. This has been done because since 1904 no subject has appeared more prominently or frequently in medical literature than that concerning opsonins, opsonic immunity, and bacterial vaccines. In the first presentations of discoveries on this form of immunity and specific treatment of bacterial diseases, great possibilities were promised. Methods, which would, according to Wright, give uniform success in treatment of the large class of bacterial infections and diseases, naturally received immediate and general attention by the medical world and were at once quite generally applied.
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