Excerpt from Steel: And Its Heat Treatment

In the second edition the scope of this work has been broadened to include additional information of a practical nature to illustrate further the application of principles in everyday commercial practice, and to encourage a consideration of every element in the cycle of operations from the initial heating of the steel for forging to the cooling in the final heat-treatment process.

In the section on Heat, additional data are given to illustrate the difference between combustion and generation of heat and the application of heat to useful work; the difference between the mere indication of uniform temperature and uniformly heated product; the relation between temperature, time, mass, and surface in the determination of uniformly heated product; the influence of furnace design and operation on the quality and cost of finished product; the weakness of relying upon pyrometer readings without considering other equally important factors; and the factors governing the selection of furnaces and fuels and the use of both.

The section on Forging has been materially enlarged into a new chapter to illustrate the relation of forging to heat treatment, the effect of temperature, time and uniformity of heating upon the structure of the steel, together with original photomicrographs illustrating the variation in structure under distinctive conditions.

The influence of the "Human Element," while not involved in a technical consideration of scientific principles, is nevertheless an important factor in the practical side of the work, and it is considered more in detail for the reason that there has been shown nothing so far to prove that it is not essential.

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