Excerpt from The National Military Park, Chickamauga Chattanooga: An Historical Guide, With Maps and Illustrations
Chattanooga was an objective of the Union armies of the central west from an early period of the war. Gen. Thomas, in November, 1861, asked for a force of 20,000 with which he designed to advance through Cumberland Gap on Knoxville, and thence to Chattanooga. Gen. Buell, after having been turned aside from Nashville to co-operate with Gen. Grant toward Corinth, was sent eastward from the latter point against Chattanooga. The objects of Gen. Rosecrans" advance from Nashville were to clear Tennessee and occupy Chattanooga. While other elements, such as securing Nashville, and re-establishing a Union State Government there, entered into previous campaigns, Chattanooga was the direct objective of the Chickamauga campaign.
The battle of Chickamauga was one of the best illustrations of the pluck, endurance, and prowess of the American soldier which the war afforded. Measured by the percentages of losses, and the duration of the fighting for the various portions of each army, it was the deadliest battle of modern times. Its strategy will always be notable in the history of wars. So far as the occupation of the field is concerned it was a Confederate victory. Considering the objects of the campaign it was a Union triumph.
The battle of Chattanooga was the grandest spectacular engagement of the war. Its features appear in as bold relief as do Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge upon the fields which they dominate.
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