Excerpt from Trade Unions and the Law
Trade Unions are the natural successors to the old Trade Guilds. When the various industries were carried on in the houses of the employers and the workmen formed part of the household, eating and working at the same table as the master, one union or guild protected the trade interests of both; but as handwork gave place to machinery and the workroom too the factory, the whole conditions of employment changed, and trade became represented by a vast accumulation of capital on the one hand and large bodies of labour on the other; thus the close relationship previously existing between employer and workmen gradually dropped out, and labour, to protect itself, formed its own Unions.
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