Excerpt from Virginia: A Synopsis of the Geology, Geography, Climate and Soil of the State, Together With Its Resources of Mines, Forests and Fields, Its Flocks and Its Herds
Virginia - what is left since the excision of West Virginia lies between the parallels of 36° 21' and 39° 27' N., and contains an area variously estimated at from 38,000 to 45,000 square miles. The designation Keystone State would be more appropriate to Virginia than to Pennsylvania, seeing that it is the one of the original thirteen States which occupies just that position keystone of the arch in the grand sweep or curve of the coast from the Bay of Fundy to Florida. According to the classification of Maury and Guyot, it is the southernmost of the "Middle Atlantic States." Hotchkiss, in his "Summary," says: "Virginia, as a whole, lies in the region of middle latitudes, giving it a climate of means, between the extremes of heat and cold incident to States south and north of it." Dr. M. G. Ellzey, of Washington, D. C., well says: "The geographical position and physical features of Virginia are eminently favorable to a salubrious air and delightful climate, equally removed from extremes of heat and cold."
The often-quoted expression of Captain John Smith, Heaven and earth never agreed better to frame a place for man's habitation, shows the estimation in which Virginia was held by the early settlers.
In 1858, the Hon. Caleb Cushing, of Massachusetts, in an address delivered in Richmond, declared his belief that "without disparagement to other parts of the Union, the belt of country subtended by the Chesapeake Bay, and extending indefinitely westward, possessed the climate and other conditions most favorable to the highest development of man and the horse, the noblest of the animal creation."
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