Excerpt from Oceanography 1951: A Report on the Present Status of the Science of the Sea
In 1927, the National Academy of Sciences authorized the appointment of a committee to consider the share of the United States in a world-wide program of oceanographic research. Prior to that time, leadership in this science was clearly vested in the countries of Europe bordering on the North Sea. In this country, oceanographic studies had been pursued largely incidental to the practical tasks of several governmental agencies (Hydrographic Office, Coast and Geodetic Survey, Coast Guard, and Bureau of Fisheries) or on the initiative of a few private individuals such as Alexander Agassiz and Henry B. Bigelow.
The report prepared by the earlier Committee on Oceanography brought recognition to the science of the sea. Substantial sums were forthcoming for buildings, vessels, and endowment for institutions on the east and west coasts, which were adequate for the time. With the onset of World War II, practical applications of oceanography were recognized by the Armed Forces and funds became available for oceanographic work of all sorts. After the war, inflation made it impossible to continue oceanographic research on the pre-war scale without additional support. The government has continued to provide this. Nevertheless the healthy growth of oceanography has been hampered by the uncertainty as to how long this support may be available, and by other restrictions.
As this was a situation common to all oceanographic institutions, the late Dr. Frank B. Jewett considered it timely to establish a second Committee of Oceanography to review the needs of this science today. Accordingly, the President of the National Academy in 1949 established such a committee. The following report is the result of its deliberations.
The Committee consisted of Detlev W. Bronk, Chairman, L. O. Colbert, Carl Eckart, W. Maurice Ewing, Richard H. Fleming, A. G. Huntsmrn, Columbus O'D. Iselin, Frank B. Jewett, Alfred C. Redfield, F. W. Reichelderfer, Roger Revelle, Louis B. Slichter, Edward H. Smith, John T. Tate, Harden F. Taylor, T. G. Thompson, Merle Tuve, and L. A. Walford.
The Committee is greatly indebted to Dr. Mary Sears for editorial aid in the preparation of this report.
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