Excerpt from High School History of Greece and Rome
If you turn to a map of Europe, you will find on the south three important peninsulas. On the west, you will notice the Iberian peninsula, consisting of Spain and Portugal, in the form of an irregular square united to France by the Pyrenees mountains; next, Italy, a long tongue of land, with the Apennines running down the centre, while, at the eastern end of the Mediterranean, you will observe Greece washed on three sides by the sea and connected with the rest of the continent at its northern extremity.
The country called by us Greece, and by the Romans Graecia, and never had this name given to it by the inhabitants. They called their land Hellas, and themselves Hellenes. The name Hellas, which in Homers day was applied to a small part of Thessaly, in historical times was given to a much wider area. In a restricted sense, it was applied to the country south of the Cambunian mountains, or rather to that part of the country between the isthmus of Corinth and the Ambracian and Maliac gulfs. In a wider sense, however, Hellas meant any district occupied by the Hellenes, wherever they were settled: so that the name was applicable equally to Massalia in Southern Gaul, to Sinope on the Euxine, and to Athens in Attica.
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