Excerpt from Greek Economics
But the words of Plato and Aristotle, even when they are primarily concerned with other subjects, contain a considerable amount of speculation on economic questions, and, as will appear hereafter, they formulated a number of economic principles which were only rediscovered by modern economists.
The assumption of a close connection between Ethics and Political Science is characteristic of all Greek thought, at any rate down to the end of the fourth century B.C., and this connection is most clearly defined in the opening chapters of Aristotle's Ethics. After showing that politike, the science of the city-state, is the highest science, to which all other arts and sciences are subordinate, Aristotle proceeds (Ethics, i. 2, 7-8): "Since political science makes use of the remaining sciences that are concerned with action, and ordains what men ought to do and what they ought to refrain from doing, the end of political science will include the ends of all the other sciences and this end will, in consequence, be the Highest Good of man. Even if this end to be grasped and cherished is the same for the individual as for the state, nevertheless the end of the state is clearly greater and more complete. For though the Highest Good is a desirable end for the individual, it is even fairer and more divine for a nation and for a state."
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