Excerpt from Flora Franciscana: An Attempt to Classify and Describe the Vascular Plants of Middle California
B?rhaave, Hortus Academicus, ii. (1720); Haller, Stirp, Helvet, 565 (1742); Juss. Gen 345 (1789).
Herbs, shrubs or trees with alternate, stipulate, compound (in Cercis simple) leaves; leaflets mostly entire, a few of the upper, in some genera, converted into tendrils. Sepals more or less united and forming a 2 5-toothed or -cleft cup, the odd tooth or segment inferior. Petals 5 (sometimes by abortion fewer), more or less united above the base; the two lowest joining to form the keel; the two lateral the enfolding this and called the wings; the uppermost one broader than the others, usually erect, but in the bud folded down over the others (except in Cercis) and called the banner; the corolla as a whole papilionaceous, or butterfly-shaped. Stamens usually 10, distinct or diadelphous (9 and 1), or monadelphous. Pistil 1, usually becoming a legume, i. e., a 2-valved 1-celled pod with 1 row of seeds; these attached to the upper suture, and containing albumen, the large embryo filling the integuments.
1. Cercis, Linn?us (Red Bud). Shrubs with simple leaves; the flowers in axillary fascicles, appearing in spring before the leaves. Calyx campanulate, with 5 broad obtuse teeth. Petals 5, the banner small, enfolded by the wings; keel-petals, distinct, larger than the wings. Stamens 10, distinct. Pod thin, flat, oblong, wing-margined along the upper suture.
1. C. occidentalis, Torr. in Gray, Pl. Lindh. 122 (1845). Widely branching, 6 20 ft. high: leaves round-cordate, entire, obtuse or emarginate, 2 in. broad, on petioles of 1 in. or less: fl. ? in. broad, acute at each end. - In the Coast Range from near Sunol, Behr, northward; also in Sierra at low altitudes. Very beautiful when in flower. Apr.
2. Vicia, Varro (Vetch). Weak herbs with angular stems, climbing by tendrils which terminate the pinnate leaves. Calys 5-cleft or -toothed, the upper teeth shorter. Stamens diadelphons (9 and 1). Style filiform, bent upward at apex and villous all around, under the stigma, or else on the outside only. Pod oblong, several-seeded.
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