Excerpt from The Geology of the Country Around Lincoln: Explanation of Sheet 83
The district described in the present memoir lies partly in Lincolnshire, partly in Northamptonshire, embracing the Yale of the Trent from near Newark to beyond Gainsborough, and stretching eastwards into the country of the Wolds and the wide alluvial plain of the Witham. The city of Lincoln stands not far from its centre. Owing to the direction of the strike, the geological formations cross the district in successive nearly parallel stripes, which run on the whole north and south. The oldest rocks known to exist within the area are of Carboniferous age, but they have only been met with in boring, and this is the case also with the Permian strata found to underlie Retford. Of the Trias there are representatives in both Bunter and Keuper divisions, the former, however, being known chiefly from boring, while the latter-covers a wide extent of the Vale of Trent. The Rhaetic beds are well shown in the Lea Cutting.
The Jurassic formations of this district are a continuation of those described in the Memoir on Sheet 70. One of their peculiar features in this tract is the absence of the Pecten-bed ironstone, whereby the line between the Middle and Lower Lias becomes undefined. The rock-bed of the Marlstone also dies out south of Burton. Considerable lithological changes are traceable in following the Inferior Oolite, but the Great Oolite maintains its distinctive characters throughout. Again, owing to the absence of the Coral Rag, the line between the Oxford and Kimeridge Clays cannot be satisfactorily traced, and has been indicated on the Map from pal?ontological evidence alone.
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