Excerpt from The Unity of Natural Phenomena: A Popular Introduction to the Study of the Forces of Nature
Since the discovery of the laws of gravity, more than two hundred years ago, no scientific achievement has been so fruitful in results as the determination of the mechanical equivalent of heat. In 1842 Dr. Mayer, of Heilbronn, in Swabia, demonstrated that the blow of a hammer weighing four hundred and twenty-four kilograms upon an anvil, with the velocity it has acquired by falling through a distance of one metre, produces an elevation of temperature equal to one degree centigrade. This experiment has wrought a marvellous change in all our conceptions of Matter and Force, and still gives promise of results which the imagination fails to grasp. It is now considered as demonstrated that heat, electricity, light, magnetism, chemical attraction, muscular energy, and mechanical work, all are but exhibitions of one and the same power acting through matter.
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