Excerpt from The Catholic Educational Review, Vol. 7
Every educational text-book which claims to treat education from a scientific point of view must pay some attention to the "formal steps." They were first suggested by Herbart, who drew the attention of teachers to the psychological process in the mind of the pupils, by which knowledge is received into the soul, worked out and made lasting and useful. As in other pedagogical questions, Herbart has been able to focus attention on neglected points, not on account of his peculiar philosophic system, but in spite of it.
The originator of the name "formal steps" is Ziller, a disciple of Herbart. But he and his friends made alterations in the arrangement of the steps; Herbart counted four, he made them into five. We shall see presently that it will be better to restrict them to three.
If our catechetics are to benefit by the progress of secular education, and in their turn to influence it and safeguard it against error, it will be necessary for us to treat religious education also on scientific lines, to use to a certain extent the divisions and phraseology common to secular works on education, and to ascertain carefully the certain results of secular education. This applies in a prominent degree to the chapter on formal steps.
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