Excerpt from Report on the Geology of South Carolina, 1848
Geology, Mineralogy and Chemistry, have boon long recognized in their relation to Mining, Metallurgy, and some other of the useful arts, but it is comparatively of recent date that these sciences have been applied, systematically and extensively, to the advancement of agriculture and the arts of civilization.
Men there were, it is true, who cultivated these sciences, and whose labors were published for the public good - the journals and transactions of associations for the promotion of science, have furnished those, to whom they were accessible, a vast amount of information applicable to the common affairs of life. But little more than twenty years have elapsed since the first attempt was made by any Government to cause a systematic Geological Survey to be made by competent persons, for the purpose of collecting into a body, for the express use of the people, a correct knowledge of the facts derived from science, in relation to the resources of the territory which they inhabit. North Carolina has the merit of having commenced the work; and, in 1841, a Report upon the Geological and Mineralogical Survey of South Carolina, made by order of the Legislature, was presented by Mr. Lardner Vaeuxem. Since that time, the example of these States has been followed by nearly all the others, so that we have now embodied, in a series of reports, a mass of information on the Geology and industorial resources of the United States, as gratifying to the friends of science as it is useful to the people at large.
The Survey, of which the result is contained in the following pages, is due to a movement altogether agricultural. A survey of the State had been long and ably advocated by the late R. W. Roper, Esq. Chairman of the Committee on Agriculture; and, in 1842, an Agricultural Survey of the State was ordered by the Legislature, and Edmund Ruffin, Esq. of Virginia, whose name and writings are identified with the agriculture of the country, was called to conduct the survey, by Gov. Hammond. After a year of arduous labor, in the development of the agricultural resources of the State, the result of which is found in his excellent report, Mr. Ruffin resigned, and I had the honor of receiving a commission from Gov. Hammond, to succeed him in conducting the survey.
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