Excerpt from Hand-Book of Chemistry, Vol. 1
The volume now offered to the members of the Cavendish Society is the first part of a translation of Gmelin"s "Handbuch der Chemie," comprising the General Laws of Chemical Action, and the Chemical Relations of Light, Heat, and Electricity. The publication of the last edition of this Great Standard Work was commenced by the author in 1843, - since which time, these branches of science have been enriched by many important discoveries. A full account of the whole of these researches would have extended the volume to too great a length; I have therefore contented myself with introducing the most important. The principal additions relate to the following subjects; - Relation between Atomic Weight and Density; - Relation of Light to Magnetism; the Calotype Process; Thermography; - Radiation and Conduction of Heat; Expansion; Specific Heat; Latent Heat of Liquids and of Vapours; Tension of Vapours; Liquefaction and Solidification of Gases; Development of Heat in Chemical Combination; Decomposition of Water by Heat; - Development of Electricity by the escape of High-pressure steam; Grove"s Gas Voltaic Battery; and the Magnetic Condition of all Matter. - Additions have likewise been made to the lists of Memoirs at the heads of the chapters. The new matter is kept quite distinct from the original; more complete incorporation would have required alterations in the text, which a translator is by no means justified in making.
A few words are necessary with regard to nomenclature. In the portion of the work included in the present volume, - relating principally to physical science, - it has been the Author"s practice rather to copy or translate the terms used by the different writers from whose works or memoirs he has borrowed, than to adopt a strictly systematic nomenclature. A similar course is, for the most part, pursued in the translation, -retaining, for example, the ordinary terms, sulphuret and phosphuret, instead of the more systematic appellations, sulphide and phosphide, proposed by Professors Graham and Hofmann.
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